diff --git a/linux-user/arm/target_cpu.h b/linux-user/arm/target_cpu.h
index d888219150..c3eb4b243d 100644
--- a/linux-user/arm/target_cpu.h
+++ b/linux-user/arm/target_cpu.h
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@
 #ifndef ARM_TARGET_CPU_H
 #define ARM_TARGET_CPU_H
 
+/* We need to be able to map the commpage.
+   See validate_guest_space in linux-user/elfload.c.  */
+#define MAX_RESERVED_VA  0xffff0000ul
+
 static inline void cpu_clone_regs(CPUARMState *env, target_ulong newsp)
 {
     if (newsp) {
diff --git a/linux-user/main.c b/linux-user/main.c
index 829f974662..fd54d344bb 100644
--- a/linux-user/main.c
+++ b/linux-user/main.c
@@ -60,23 +60,38 @@ do {                                                                    \
     }                                                                   \
 } while (0)
 
-#if (TARGET_LONG_BITS == 32) && (HOST_LONG_BITS == 64)
 /*
  * When running 32-on-64 we should make sure we can fit all of the possible
  * guest address space into a contiguous chunk of virtual host memory.
  *
  * This way we will never overlap with our own libraries or binaries or stack
  * or anything else that QEMU maps.
+ *
+ * Many cpus reserve the high bit (or more than one for some 64-bit cpus)
+ * of the address for the kernel.  Some cpus rely on this and user space
+ * uses the high bit(s) for pointer tagging and the like.  For them, we
+ * must preserve the expected address space.
  */
-# if defined(TARGET_MIPS) || defined(TARGET_NIOS2)
-/*
- * MIPS only supports 31 bits of virtual address space for user space.
- * Nios2 also only supports 31 bits.
- */
-unsigned long reserved_va = 0x77000000;
+#ifndef MAX_RESERVED_VA
+# if HOST_LONG_BITS > TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS
+#  if TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS == 32 && \
+      (TARGET_LONG_BITS == 32 || defined(TARGET_ABI32))
+/* There are a number of places where we assign reserved_va to a variable
+   of type abi_ulong and expect it to fit.  Avoid the last page.  */
+#   define MAX_RESERVED_VA  (0xfffffffful & TARGET_PAGE_MASK)
+#  else
+#   define MAX_RESERVED_VA  (1ul << TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS)
+#  endif
 # else
-unsigned long reserved_va = 0xf7000000;
+#  define MAX_RESERVED_VA  0
 # endif
+#endif
+
+/* That said, reserving *too* much vm space via mmap can run into problems
+   with rlimits, oom due to page table creation, etc.  We will still try it,
+   if directed by the command-line option, but not by default.  */
+#if HOST_LONG_BITS == 64 && TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS <= 32
+unsigned long reserved_va = MAX_RESERVED_VA;
 #else
 unsigned long reserved_va;
 #endif
@@ -3978,11 +3993,8 @@ static void handle_arg_reserved_va(const char *arg)
         unsigned long unshifted = reserved_va;
         p++;
         reserved_va <<= shift;
-        if (((reserved_va >> shift) != unshifted)
-#if HOST_LONG_BITS > TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS
-            || (reserved_va > (1ul << TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS))
-#endif
-            ) {
+        if (reserved_va >> shift != unshifted
+            || (MAX_RESERVED_VA && reserved_va > MAX_RESERVED_VA)) {
             fprintf(stderr, "Reserved virtual address too big\n");
             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
         }
diff --git a/target/mips/mips-defs.h b/target/mips/mips-defs.h
index 047554ee45..d239069975 100644
--- a/target/mips/mips-defs.h
+++ b/target/mips/mips-defs.h
@@ -15,7 +15,11 @@
 #else
 #define TARGET_LONG_BITS 32
 #define TARGET_PHYS_ADDR_SPACE_BITS 40
-#define TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS 32
+# ifdef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
+#  define TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS 31
+# else
+#  define TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS 32
+#endif
 #endif
 
 /* Masks used to mark instructions to indicate which ISA level they
diff --git a/target/nios2/cpu.h b/target/nios2/cpu.h
index 50d803a217..9119eee587 100644
--- a/target/nios2/cpu.h
+++ b/target/nios2/cpu.h
@@ -226,7 +226,11 @@ qemu_irq *nios2_cpu_pic_init(Nios2CPU *cpu);
 void nios2_check_interrupts(CPUNios2State *env);
 
 #define TARGET_PHYS_ADDR_SPACE_BITS 32
-#define TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS 32
+#ifdef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
+# define TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS 31
+#else
+# define TARGET_VIRT_ADDR_SPACE_BITS 32
+#endif
 
 #define cpu_init(cpu_model) cpu_generic_init(TYPE_NIOS2_CPU, cpu_model)