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Daniel P. Berrange 4652b8f3e1 qcow2: add support for LUKS encryption format 
This adds support for using LUKS as an encryption format
with the qcow2 file, using the new encrypt.format parameter
to request "luks" format. e.g.

  # qemu-img create --object secret,data=123456,id=sec0 \
       -f qcow2 -o encrypt.format=luks,encrypt.key-secret=sec0 \
       test.qcow2 10G

The legacy "encryption=on" parameter still results in
creation of the old qcow2 AES format (and is equivalent
to the new 'encryption-format=aes'). e.g. the following are
equivalent:

  # qemu-img create --object secret,data=123456,id=sec0 \
       -f qcow2 -o encryption=on,encrypt.key-secret=sec0 \
       test.qcow2 10G

 # qemu-img create --object secret,data=123456,id=sec0 \
       -f qcow2 -o encryption-format=aes,encrypt.key-secret=sec0 \
       test.qcow2 10G

With the LUKS format it is necessary to store the LUKS
partition header and key material in the QCow2 file. This
data can be many MB in size, so cannot go into the QCow2
header region directly. Thus the spec defines a FDE
(Full Disk Encryption) header extension that specifies
the offset of a set of clusters to hold the FDE headers,
as well as the length of that region. The LUKS header is
thus stored in these extra allocated clusters before the
main image payload.

Aside from all the cryptographic differences implied by
use of the LUKS format, there is one further key difference
between the use of legacy AES and LUKS encryption in qcow2.
For LUKS, the initialiazation vectors are generated using
the host physical sector as the input, rather than the
guest virtual sector. This guarantees unique initialization
vectors for all sectors when qcow2 internal snapshots are
used, thus giving stronger protection against watermarking
attacks.

Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170623162419.26068-14-berrange@redhat.com
Reviewed-by: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com>
Signed-off-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
2017-07-11 17:44:56 +02:00

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QA output created by 082
=== create: Options specified more than once ===
Testing: create -f foo -f qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=134217728 cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
cluster_size: 65536
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o lazy_refcounts=on TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=134217728 cluster_size=4096 lazy_refcounts=on refcount_bits=16
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
cluster_size: 4096
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
lazy refcounts: true
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o lazy_refcounts=on -o cluster_size=8k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=134217728 cluster_size=8192 lazy_refcounts=on refcount_bits=16
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
cluster_size: 8192
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
lazy refcounts: true
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,cluster_size=8k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=134217728 cluster_size=8192 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
cluster_size: 8192
=== create: help for -o ===
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o help,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o ?,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=134217728 backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,help cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=134217728 backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,? cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2, -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
qemu-img: Invalid option list: backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 -o ,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
qemu-img: Invalid option list: ,help
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 -o ,, -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
qemu-img: Invalid option list: ,,
Testing: create -f qcow2 -o help
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
Testing: create -o help
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
=== convert: Options specified more than once ===
Testing: create -f qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=134217728 cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
Testing: convert -f foo -f qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base
file format: raw
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
Testing: convert -O foo -O qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
cluster_size: 65536
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o lazy_refcounts=on TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
cluster_size: 4096
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
lazy refcounts: true
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o lazy_refcounts=on -o cluster_size=8k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
cluster_size: 8192
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
lazy refcounts: true
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,cluster_size=8k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
cluster_size: 8192
=== convert: help for -o ===
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o help,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o ?,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
qemu-img: Could not open 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base': Could not open backing file: Could not open 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,help': No such file or directory
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
qemu-img: Could not open 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base': Could not open backing file: Could not open 'TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,?': No such file or directory
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2, -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
qemu-img: Invalid option list: backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 -o ,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
qemu-img: Invalid option list: ,help
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 -o ,, -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
qemu-img: Invalid option list: ,,
Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o help
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
Testing: convert -o help
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
=== amend: Options specified more than once ===
Testing: amend -f foo -f qcow2 -o lazy_refcounts=on TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 128M (134217728 bytes)
cluster_size: 65536
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
lazy refcounts: true
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o size=130M -o lazy_refcounts=off TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 130M (136314880 bytes)
cluster_size: 65536
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
lazy refcounts: false
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o size=8M -o lazy_refcounts=on -o size=132M TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 132M (138412032 bytes)
cluster_size: 65536
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
lazy refcounts: true
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o size=4M,size=148M TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
image: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT
file format: IMGFMT
virtual size: 148M (155189248 bytes)
cluster_size: 65536
=== amend: help for -o ===
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o help,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o ?,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
nocow Turn off copy-on-write (valid only on btrfs)
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Testing: rebase -u -b -f qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Testing: rebase -u -b -f qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2, -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
qemu-img: Invalid option list: backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 -o ,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
qemu-img: Invalid option list: ,help
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 -o ,, -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
qemu-img: Invalid option list: ,,
Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o help
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
compat Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated in favor of encrypt.format=aes)
encrypt.format Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes', 'luks'
encrypt.key-secret ID of secret providing qcow AES key or LUKS passphrase
encrypt.cipher-alg Name of encryption cipher algorithm
encrypt.cipher-mode Name of encryption cipher mode
encrypt.ivgen-alg Name of IV generator algorithm
encrypt.ivgen-hash-alg Name of IV generator hash algorithm
encrypt.hash-alg Name of encryption hash algorithm
encrypt.iter-time Time to spend in PBKDF in milliseconds
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
refcount_bits Width of a reference count entry in bits
Testing: convert -o help
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
*** done
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