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whisper.cpp
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llama : add pipeline parallelism support (llama/6017) 

* llama : add pipeline parallelism support for batch processing with multiple CUDA GPUs

ggml-ci

* server : add -ub, --ubatch-size parameter

* fix server embedding test

* llama : fix Mamba inference for pipeline parallelism

Tested to work correctly with both `main` and `parallel` examples.

* llama : limit max batch size to n_batch

* add LLAMA_SCHED_MAX_COPIES to configure the number of input copies for pipeline parallelism
default increase to 4 (from 2)

changing this value may improve performance for some systems, but increases memory usage

* fix hip build

* fix sycl build (disable cpy_tensor_async)

* fix hip build

* llama : limit n_batch and n_ubatch to n_ctx during context creation

* llama : fix norm backend

* batched-bench : sync after decode

* swiftui : sync after decode

* ggml : allow ggml_get_rows to use multiple threads if they are available

* check n_ubatch >= n_tokens with non-casual attention

* llama : do not limit n_batch to n_ctx with non-casual attn

* server : construct batch with size of llama_n_batch

* ggml_backend_cpu_graph_compute : fix return value when alloc fails

* llama : better n_batch and n_ubatch comment

* fix merge

* small fix

* reduce default n_batch to 2048

---------

Co-authored-by: Francis Couture-Harpin <git@compilade.net>
Co-authored-by: Georgi Gerganov <ggerganov@gmail.com>
gg/alloc-enc-results
slaren 2024-03-13 18:54:21 +01:00 committed by Georgi Gerganov
parent 2bddfdd7c8
commit 8932c2d6ce
No known key found for this signature in database
GPG Key ID: BF970631944C16B7
11 changed files with 718 additions and 311 deletions
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109
ggml-alloc.c
View File

@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ static bool ggml_op_can_inplace(enum ggml_op op) {
}
}
// TODO: GGML_PAD ?
static size_t aligned_offset(const void * buffer, size_t offset, size_t alignment) {
assert(alignment && !(alignment & (alignment - 1))); // power of 2
size_t align = (alignment - (((uintptr_t)buffer + offset) % alignment)) % alignment;
@ -69,25 +68,14 @@ static size_t aligned_offset(const void * buffer, size_t offset, size_t alignmen
}
// tallocr
struct ggml_tallocr {
ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer;
void * base;
size_t alignment;
size_t offset;
};
ggml_tallocr_t ggml_tallocr_new(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer) {
ggml_tallocr_t talloc = malloc(sizeof(struct ggml_tallocr));
if (talloc == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
struct ggml_tallocr ggml_tallocr_new(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer) {
void * base = ggml_backend_buffer_get_base(buffer);
size_t align = ggml_backend_buffer_get_alignment(buffer);
assert(align && !(align & (align - 1))); // power of 2
*talloc = (struct ggml_tallocr) {
struct ggml_tallocr talloc = (struct ggml_tallocr) {
/*.buffer = */ buffer,
/*.base = */ base,
/*.alignment = */ align,
@ -96,11 +84,7 @@ ggml_tallocr_t ggml_tallocr_new(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer) {
return talloc;
}
void ggml_tallocr_free(ggml_tallocr_t talloc) {
free(talloc);
}
void ggml_tallocr_alloc(ggml_tallocr_t talloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
void ggml_tallocr_alloc(struct ggml_tallocr * talloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
size_t size = ggml_backend_buffer_get_alloc_size(talloc->buffer, tensor);
size = GGML_PAD(size, talloc->alignment);
@ -354,12 +338,16 @@ struct hash_node {
bool allocated;
};
//
struct tensor_alloc {
size_t offset;
size_t size_max; // 0 = pre-allocated, unused, or view
};
struct leaf_alloc {
int buffer_id;
struct tensor_alloc leaf;
};
struct node_alloc {
int buffer_id;
struct tensor_alloc dst;
@ -378,7 +366,7 @@ struct ggml_gallocr {
struct node_alloc * node_allocs; // [n_nodes]
int n_nodes;
struct tensor_alloc * leaf_allocs; // [n_leafs]
struct leaf_alloc * leaf_allocs; // [n_leafs]
int n_leafs;
};
@ -543,13 +531,20 @@ static int get_node_buffer_id(const int * node_buffer_ids, int i) {
return node_buffer_ids ? node_buffer_ids[i] : 0;
}
static void ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph_impl(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph, const int * node_buffer_ids) {
static void ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph_impl(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph, const int * node_buffer_ids, const int * leaf_buffer_ids) {
// clear hash tables
memset(galloc->hash_set.keys, 0, galloc->hash_set.size * sizeof(struct ggml_tensor *));
memset(galloc->hash_values, 0, galloc->hash_set.size * sizeof(struct hash_node));
// allocate leafs
// these may be tensors that the application is not using in the graph, but may still want to allocate for other purposes
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_leafs; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * leaf = graph->leafs[i];
ggml_gallocr_allocate_node(galloc, leaf, get_node_buffer_id(leaf_buffer_ids, i));
}
// count number of children and views
// allocate all graph inputs and leafs first to avoid overwriting them
// allocate other graph inputs and leafs first to avoid overwriting them
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_nodes; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * node = graph->nodes[i];
@ -577,19 +572,6 @@ static void ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph_impl(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgr
}
}
// allocate the remaining leafs that are unused on the graph
// these are effectively static tensors that the application is not using in the graph, but may still want to allocate for other purposes
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_leafs; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * leaf = graph->leafs[i];
struct hash_node * hn = ggml_gallocr_hash_get(galloc, leaf);
if (hn->n_children == 0) {
assert(!hn->allocated);
// since buffer ids are only given for nodes, these leafs are always allocated in the first buffer
ggml_gallocr_allocate_node(galloc, leaf, 0);
}
}
// allocate tensors
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_nodes; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * node = graph->nodes[i];
@ -652,7 +634,7 @@ static void ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph_impl(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgr
}
}
bool ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph, const int * node_buffer_ids) {
bool ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph, const int * node_buffer_ids, const int * leaf_buffer_ids) {
size_t hash_size = graph->visited_hash_table.size;
// initialize hash table
@ -676,7 +658,7 @@ bool ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph, c
}
// allocate in hash table
ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph_impl(galloc, graph, node_buffer_ids);
ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph_impl(galloc, graph, node_buffer_ids, leaf_buffer_ids);
// set the node_allocs from the hash table
if (galloc->n_nodes < graph->n_nodes) {
@ -711,15 +693,16 @@ bool ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph, c
}
if (galloc->n_leafs < graph->n_leafs) {
free(galloc->leaf_allocs);
galloc->leaf_allocs = calloc(sizeof(struct tensor_alloc), graph->n_leafs);
galloc->leaf_allocs = calloc(sizeof(galloc->leaf_allocs[0]), graph->n_leafs);
GGML_ASSERT(galloc->leaf_allocs != NULL);
}
galloc->n_leafs = graph->n_leafs;
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_leafs; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * leaf = graph->leafs[i];
struct hash_node * hn = ggml_gallocr_hash_get(galloc, leaf);
galloc->leaf_allocs[i].offset = hn->offset;
galloc->leaf_allocs[i].size_max = ggml_backend_buft_get_alloc_size(galloc->bufts[hn->buffer_id], leaf);
galloc->leaf_allocs[i].buffer_id = hn->buffer_id;
galloc->leaf_allocs[i].leaf.offset = hn->offset;
galloc->leaf_allocs[i].leaf.size_max = ggml_backend_buft_get_alloc_size(galloc->bufts[hn->buffer_id], leaf);
}
// reallocate buffers if needed
@ -727,7 +710,8 @@ bool ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph, c
size_t cur_size = galloc->buffers[i] ? ggml_backend_buffer_get_size(galloc->buffers[i]) : 0;
size_t new_size = ggml_dyn_tallocr_max_size(galloc->buf_tallocs[i]);
if (new_size > cur_size) {
// even if there are no tensors allocated in this buffer, we still need to allocate it to initialize views
if (new_size > cur_size || galloc->buffers[i] == NULL) {
#ifndef NDEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reallocating %s buffer from size %.02f MiB to %.02f MiB\n", __func__, ggml_backend_buft_name(galloc->bufts[i]), cur_size / 1024.0 / 1024.0, new_size / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
#endif
@ -744,30 +728,30 @@ bool ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph, c
}
bool ggml_gallocr_reserve(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph *graph) {
return ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(galloc, graph, NULL);
return ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(galloc, graph, NULL, NULL);
}
static void ggml_gallocr_init_tensor(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_tensor * node, int buffer_id, struct tensor_alloc * tensor_alloc) {
assert(node->data || node->view_src || ggml_backend_buffer_get_alloc_size(galloc->buffers[buffer_id], node) <= tensor_alloc->size_max);
static void ggml_gallocr_init_tensor(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor, int buffer_id, struct tensor_alloc * tensor_alloc) {
assert(tensor->data || tensor->view_src || ggml_backend_buffer_get_alloc_size(galloc->buffers[buffer_id], tensor) <= tensor_alloc->size_max);
if (node->view_src != NULL) {
if (node->buffer == NULL) {
if (tensor->view_src != NULL) {
if (tensor->buffer == NULL) {
assert(tensor_alloc->offset == SIZE_MAX);
if (node->view_src->buffer == NULL) {
if (tensor->view_src->buffer == NULL) {
// this tensor was allocated without ggml-backend
return;
}
ggml_backend_view_init(galloc->buffers[buffer_id], node);
ggml_backend_view_init(galloc->buffers[buffer_id], tensor);
}
} else {
if (node->data == NULL) {
if (tensor->data == NULL) {
assert(tensor_alloc->offset != SIZE_MAX);
assert(ggml_backend_buffer_get_alloc_size(galloc->buffers[buffer_id], node) <= tensor_alloc->size_max);
assert(ggml_backend_buffer_get_alloc_size(galloc->buffers[buffer_id], tensor) <= tensor_alloc->size_max);
void * base = ggml_backend_buffer_get_base(galloc->buffers[buffer_id]);
void * addr = (char *)base + tensor_alloc->offset;
ggml_backend_tensor_alloc(galloc->buffers[buffer_id], node, addr);
ggml_backend_tensor_alloc(galloc->buffers[buffer_id], tensor, addr);
} else {
if (node->buffer == NULL) {
if (tensor->buffer == NULL) {
// this tensor was allocated without ggml-backend
return;
}
@ -843,13 +827,18 @@ bool ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph)
// reset buffers
for (int i = 0; i < galloc->n_buffers; i++) {
// zero size buffers are not allocated
if (galloc->buffers[i] != NULL) {
ggml_backend_buffer_reset(galloc->buffers[i]);
}
}
// allocate the graph tensors from the previous assignments
// leafs
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_leafs; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * leaf = graph->leafs[i];
struct leaf_alloc * leaf_alloc = &galloc->leaf_allocs[i];
ggml_gallocr_init_tensor(galloc, leaf, leaf_alloc->buffer_id, &leaf_alloc->leaf);
}
// nodes
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_nodes; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * node = graph->nodes[i];
@ -863,12 +852,6 @@ bool ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph)
}
ggml_gallocr_init_tensor(galloc, node, node_alloc->buffer_id, &node_alloc->dst);
}
// leafs
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_leafs; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * leaf = graph->leafs[i];
struct tensor_alloc * leaf_alloc = &galloc->leaf_allocs[i];
ggml_gallocr_init_tensor(galloc, leaf, 0, leaf_alloc);
}
return true;
}
@ -900,12 +883,12 @@ static bool alloc_tensor_range(struct ggml_context * ctx,
return false;
}
struct ggml_tallocr * tallocr = ggml_tallocr_new(buffer);
struct ggml_tallocr tallocr = ggml_tallocr_new(buffer);
for (struct ggml_tensor * t = first; t != last; t = ggml_get_next_tensor(ctx, t)) {
if (t->data == NULL) {
if (t->view_src == NULL) {
ggml_tallocr_alloc(tallocr, t);
ggml_tallocr_alloc(&tallocr, t);
} else if (t->buffer == NULL) {
ggml_backend_view_init(buffer, t);
}
@ -917,8 +900,6 @@ static bool alloc_tensor_range(struct ggml_context * ctx,
}
}
ggml_tallocr_free(tallocr);
*buffers = realloc(*buffers, sizeof(ggml_backend_buffer_t) * (*n_buffers + 1));
(*buffers)[(*n_buffers)++] = buffer;

18
ggml-alloc.h
View File

@ -11,11 +11,15 @@ typedef struct ggml_backend_buffer * ggml_backend_buffer_t;
typedef struct ggml_backend * ggml_backend_t;
// Tensor allocator
typedef struct ggml_tallocr * ggml_tallocr_t;
struct ggml_tallocr {
ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer;
void * base;
size_t alignment;
size_t offset;
};
GGML_API ggml_tallocr_t ggml_tallocr_new(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer);
GGML_API void ggml_tallocr_free(ggml_tallocr_t talloc);
GGML_API void ggml_tallocr_alloc(ggml_tallocr_t talloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor);
GGML_API struct ggml_tallocr ggml_tallocr_new(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer);
GGML_API void ggml_tallocr_alloc(struct ggml_tallocr * talloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor);
// Graph allocator
/*
@ -50,7 +54,11 @@ GGML_API void ggml_gallocr_free(ggml_gallocr_t galloc);
// not strictly required for single buffer usage: ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph will reallocate the buffers automatically if needed
// returns false if the buffer allocation failed
GGML_API bool ggml_gallocr_reserve(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph);
GGML_API bool ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(ggml_gallocr_t galloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph, const int * node_buffer_ids);
GGML_API bool ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(
ggml_gallocr_t galloc,
struct ggml_cgraph * graph,
const int * node_buffer_ids,
const int * leaf_buffer_ids);
// automatic reallocation if the topology changes when using a single buffer
// returns false if using multiple buffers and a re-allocation is needed (call ggml_gallocr_reserve_n first to set the node buffers)

17
ggml-backend-impl.h
View File

@ -86,12 +86,12 @@ extern "C" {
// (optional) asynchronous tensor data access
void (*GGML_CALL set_tensor_async)(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_tensor * tensor, const void * data, size_t offset, size_t size);
void (*GGML_CALL get_tensor_async)(ggml_backend_t backend, const struct ggml_tensor * tensor, void * data, size_t offset, size_t size);
bool (*GGML_CALL cpy_tensor_async)(ggml_backend_t backend, const struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);
bool (*GGML_CALL cpy_tensor_async)(ggml_backend_t backend_src, ggml_backend_t backend_dst, const struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);
// (optional) complete all pending operations
void (*GGML_CALL synchronize)(ggml_backend_t backend);
// create a plan for ggml_cgraph and free it
// compute graph with a plan (not used currently)
ggml_backend_graph_plan_t (*GGML_CALL graph_plan_create) (ggml_backend_t backend, const struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph);
void (*GGML_CALL graph_plan_free) (ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_backend_graph_plan_t plan);
@ -102,16 +102,27 @@ extern "C" {
// check if the backend supports an operation
bool (*GGML_CALL supports_op)(ggml_backend_t backend, const struct ggml_tensor * op);
// (optional) event synchronization
ggml_backend_event_t (*GGML_CALL event_new) (ggml_backend_t backend);
void (*GGML_CALL event_free) (ggml_backend_event_t event);
void (*GGML_CALL event_record) (ggml_backend_event_t event);
void (*GGML_CALL event_wait) (ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_backend_event_t event);
void (*GGML_CALL event_synchronize) (ggml_backend_event_t event);
};
struct ggml_backend {
ggml_guid_t guid;
struct ggml_backend_i iface;
ggml_backend_context_t context;
};
struct ggml_backend_event {
ggml_backend_t backend;
void * context;
};
//
// Backend registry
//

517
ggml-backend.c
View File

@ -221,29 +221,29 @@ void ggml_backend_tensor_get_async(ggml_backend_t backend, const struct ggml_ten
GGML_CALL void ggml_backend_tensor_set(struct ggml_tensor * tensor, const void * data, size_t offset, size_t size) {
ggml_backend_buffer_t buf = tensor->view_src ? tensor->view_src->buffer : tensor->buffer;
GGML_ASSERT(tensor->data != NULL && "tensor not allocated");
GGML_ASSERT(buf != NULL && "tensor buffer not set");
GGML_ASSERT(tensor->data != NULL && "tensor not allocated");
GGML_ASSERT(offset + size <= ggml_nbytes(tensor) && "tensor write out of bounds");
if (!size) {
return;
}
tensor->buffer->iface.set_tensor(buf, tensor, data, offset, size);
buf->iface.set_tensor(buf, tensor, data, offset, size);
}
GGML_CALL void ggml_backend_tensor_get(const struct ggml_tensor * tensor, void * data, size_t offset, size_t size) {
ggml_backend_buffer_t buf = tensor->view_src ? tensor->view_src->buffer : tensor->buffer;
GGML_ASSERT(buf != NULL && "tensor buffer not set");
GGML_ASSERT(tensor->data != NULL && "tensor not allocated");
GGML_ASSERT(tensor->buffer != NULL && "tensor buffer not set");
GGML_ASSERT(offset + size <= ggml_nbytes(tensor) && "tensor read out of bounds");
if (!size) {
return;
}
tensor->buffer->iface.get_tensor(buf, tensor, data, offset, size);
buf->iface.get_tensor(buf, tensor, data, offset, size);
}
void ggml_backend_synchronize(ggml_backend_t backend) {
@ -255,18 +255,30 @@ void ggml_backend_synchronize(ggml_backend_t backend) {
}
ggml_backend_graph_plan_t ggml_backend_graph_plan_create(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph) {
GGML_ASSERT(backend->iface.graph_plan_create != NULL);
return backend->iface.graph_plan_create(backend, cgraph);
}
void ggml_backend_graph_plan_free(ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_backend_graph_plan_t plan) {
GGML_ASSERT(backend->iface.graph_plan_free != NULL);
backend->iface.graph_plan_free(backend, plan);
}
enum ggml_status ggml_backend_graph_plan_compute(ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_backend_graph_plan_t plan) {
GGML_ASSERT(backend->iface.graph_plan_compute != NULL);
return backend->iface.graph_plan_compute(backend, plan);
}
enum ggml_status ggml_backend_graph_compute(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph) {
enum ggml_status err = ggml_backend_graph_compute_async(backend, cgraph);
ggml_backend_synchronize(backend);
return err;
}
bool ggml_backend_graph_compute_async(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph) {
return backend->iface.graph_compute(backend, cgraph);
}
@ -314,34 +326,68 @@ void ggml_backend_tensor_copy(struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst
}
}
void ggml_backend_tensor_copy_async(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst) {
void ggml_backend_tensor_copy_async(ggml_backend_t backend_src, ggml_backend_t backend_dst, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst) {
GGML_ASSERT(ggml_are_same_layout(src, dst) && "cannot copy tensors with different layouts");
if (src == dst) {
return;
}
if (ggml_backend_buft_supports_backend(src->buffer->buft, backend) && ggml_backend_buft_supports_backend(dst->buffer->buft, backend)) {
if (backend->iface.cpy_tensor_async != NULL) {
if (backend->iface.cpy_tensor_async(backend, src, dst)) {
return;
}
if (backend_dst->iface.cpy_tensor_async != NULL) {
if (backend_dst->iface.cpy_tensor_async(backend_src, backend_dst, src, dst)) {
return;
}
}
size_t nbytes = ggml_nbytes(src);
// an async copy would normally happen after all the queued operations on both backends are completed
// sync src, set_async dst
if (ggml_backend_buffer_is_host(src->buffer)) {
ggml_backend_tensor_set_async(backend, dst, src->data, 0, nbytes);
}
else {
ggml_backend_synchronize(backend_src);
ggml_backend_tensor_set_async(backend_dst, dst, src->data, 0, ggml_nbytes(src));
} else {
ggml_backend_synchronize(backend_src);
ggml_backend_tensor_copy(src, dst);
ggml_backend_synchronize(backend_dst);
}
}
// events
ggml_backend_event_t ggml_backend_event_new(ggml_backend_t backend) {
if (backend->iface.event_new == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
return backend->iface.event_new(backend);
}
void ggml_backend_event_free(ggml_backend_event_t event) {
if (event == NULL) {
return;
}
event->backend->iface.event_free(event);
}
void ggml_backend_event_record(ggml_backend_event_t event) {
GGML_ASSERT(event->backend->iface.event_record != NULL);
event->backend->iface.event_record(event);
}
void ggml_backend_event_synchronize(ggml_backend_event_t event) {
GGML_ASSERT(event->backend->iface.event_synchronize != NULL);
event->backend->iface.event_synchronize(event);
}
void ggml_backend_event_wait(ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_backend_event_t event) {
GGML_ASSERT(backend->iface.event_wait != NULL);
backend->iface.event_wait(backend, event);
}
// backend registry
#define GGML_MAX_BACKENDS_REG 16
#define GGML_REG_MAX_BACKENDS 16
struct ggml_backend_reg {
char name[128];
@ -350,7 +396,7 @@ struct ggml_backend_reg {
void * user_data;
};
static struct ggml_backend_reg ggml_backend_registry[GGML_MAX_BACKENDS_REG];
static struct ggml_backend_reg ggml_backend_registry[GGML_REG_MAX_BACKENDS];
static size_t ggml_backend_registry_count = 0;
GGML_CALL static ggml_backend_t ggml_backend_reg_cpu_init(const char * params, void * user_data);
@ -395,7 +441,7 @@ GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_registry_init(void) {
}
GGML_CALL void ggml_backend_register(const char * name, ggml_backend_init_fn init_fn, ggml_backend_buffer_type_t default_buffer_type, void * user_data) {
GGML_ASSERT(ggml_backend_registry_count < GGML_MAX_BACKENDS_REG);
GGML_ASSERT(ggml_backend_registry_count < GGML_REG_MAX_BACKENDS);
size_t id = ggml_backend_registry_count;
@ -746,8 +792,12 @@ GGML_CALL static enum ggml_status ggml_backend_cpu_graph_compute(ggml_backend_t
struct ggml_cplan cplan = ggml_graph_plan(cgraph, cpu_ctx->n_threads);
if (cpu_ctx->work_size < cplan.work_size) {
// TODO: may be faster to free and use malloc to avoid the copy
cpu_ctx->work_data = realloc(cpu_ctx->work_data, cplan.work_size);
free(cpu_ctx->work_data);
cpu_ctx->work_data = malloc(cplan.work_size);
if (cpu_ctx->work_data == NULL) {
cpu_ctx->work_size = 0;
return GGML_STATUS_ALLOC_FAILED;
}
cpu_ctx->work_size = cplan.work_size;
}
cplan.work_data = cpu_ctx->work_data;
@ -784,6 +834,11 @@ static struct ggml_backend_i cpu_backend_i = {
/* .graph_plan_compute = */ ggml_backend_cpu_graph_plan_compute,
/* .graph_compute = */ ggml_backend_cpu_graph_compute,
/* .supports_op = */ ggml_backend_cpu_supports_op,
/* .event_new = */ NULL,
/* .event_free = */ NULL,
/* .event_record = */ NULL,
/* .event_wait = */ NULL,
/* .event_synchronize = */ NULL,
};
static ggml_guid_t ggml_backend_cpu_guid(void) {
@ -939,15 +994,27 @@ static bool ggml_is_view_op(enum ggml_op op) {
// scheduler
#define GGML_MAX_BACKENDS 16
#define GGML_MAX_SPLITS 256
#define GGML_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS 16
#ifndef GGML_SCHED_MAX_BACKENDS
#define GGML_SCHED_MAX_BACKENDS 16
#endif
#ifndef GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLITS
#define GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLITS 256
#endif
#ifndef GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS
#define GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS 16
#endif
#ifndef GGML_SCHED_MAX_COPIES
#define GGML_SCHED_MAX_COPIES 4
#endif
struct ggml_backend_sched_split {
int backend_id;
int i_start;
int i_end;
struct ggml_tensor * inputs[GGML_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS];
struct ggml_tensor * inputs[GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS];
int n_inputs;
// graph view of this split
struct ggml_cgraph graph;
@ -955,45 +1022,53 @@ struct ggml_backend_sched_split {
struct ggml_backend_sched {
bool is_reset; // true if the scheduler has been reset since the last graph split
bool is_alloc;
int n_backends;
ggml_backend_t backends[GGML_MAX_BACKENDS];
ggml_backend_buffer_type_t bufts[GGML_MAX_BACKENDS];
ggml_backend_t backends[GGML_SCHED_MAX_BACKENDS];
ggml_backend_buffer_type_t bufts[GGML_SCHED_MAX_BACKENDS];
ggml_gallocr_t galloc;
// hash keys of the nodes in the graph
struct ggml_hash_set hash_set;
// hash values
int * tensor_backend_id;
struct ggml_tensor * (* tensor_copies)[GGML_MAX_BACKENDS];
struct ggml_tensor * (* tensor_copies)[GGML_SCHED_MAX_BACKENDS][GGML_SCHED_MAX_COPIES];
int * node_backend_ids; // [n_nodes]
int n_nodes;
int * node_backend_ids; // [graph_size]
int * leaf_backend_ids; // [graph_size]
// copy of the graph with modified inputs
struct ggml_cgraph * graph;
struct ggml_backend_sched_split splits[GGML_MAX_SPLITS];
// graph splits
struct ggml_backend_sched_split splits[GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLITS];
int n_splits;
// pipeline parallelism support
int n_copies;
int cur_copy;
ggml_backend_event_t events[GGML_SCHED_MAX_BACKENDS][GGML_SCHED_MAX_COPIES];
struct ggml_tensor * graph_inputs[GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS];
int n_graph_inputs;
struct ggml_context * ctx;
ggml_backend_sched_eval_callback callback_eval;
void * callback_eval_user_data;
// align context_buffer to GGML_MEM_ALIGN
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#ifdef _MSC_VER
__declspec(align(GGML_MEM_ALIGN))
#else
#else
__attribute__((aligned(GGML_MEM_ALIGN)))
#endif
char context_buffer[GGML_MAX_SPLITS*GGML_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS*2*sizeof(struct ggml_tensor) + sizeof(struct ggml_cgraph)];
#endif
char context_buffer[GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLITS*GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS*2*sizeof(struct ggml_tensor) + sizeof(struct ggml_cgraph)];
};
#define hash_id(node) ggml_hash_find_or_insert(sched->hash_set, node)
#define tensor_backend_id(node) sched->tensor_backend_id[hash_id(node)]
#define tensor_backend(node) (tensor_backend_id(node) == -1 ? NULL : sched->backends[tensor_backend_id(node)])
#define hash_id(tensor) ggml_hash_find_or_insert(sched->hash_set, tensor)
#define tensor_backend_id(tensor) sched->tensor_backend_id[hash_id(tensor)]
// returns the priority of the backend, lower id is higher priority
static int ggml_backend_sched_backend_id(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, ggml_backend_t backend) {
@ -1005,7 +1080,8 @@ static int ggml_backend_sched_backend_id(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, ggml_backen
return -1;
}
static int ggml_backend_sched_backend_from_buffer(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer) {
static int ggml_backend_sched_backend_from_buffer(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, const struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer = tensor->buffer;
if (buffer == NULL) {
return -1;
}
@ -1016,12 +1092,16 @@ static int ggml_backend_sched_backend_from_buffer(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, gg
return i;
}
}
GGML_ASSERT(false && "tensor buffer type not supported by any backend");
return -1; // silence warning
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: no backend supports buffer type %s used in tensor %s\n",
__func__, ggml_backend_buffer_name(buffer), tensor->name);
GGML_ASSERT(false);
return -1;
}
#if 0
static char causes[GGML_DEFAULT_GRAPH_SIZE*16 + GGML_MAX_SPLITS*GGML_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS][128]; // debug only
static char causes[GGML_DEFAULT_GRAPH_SIZE*16 + GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLITS*GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS][128]; // debug only
#define SET_CAUSE(node, ...) sprintf(causes[hash_id(node)], __VA_ARGS__)
#define GET_CAUSE(node) causes[hash_id(node)]
#else
@ -1035,19 +1115,28 @@ static int ggml_backend_sched_backend_id_from_cur(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, st
// assign pre-allocated nodes to their backend
// dst
int cur_backend = ggml_backend_sched_backend_from_buffer(sched, tensor->buffer);
int cur_backend = ggml_backend_sched_backend_from_buffer(sched, tensor);
if (cur_backend != -1) {
SET_CAUSE(node, "1.dst");
SET_CAUSE(tensor, "1.dst");
return cur_backend;
}
// view_src
if (tensor->view_src != NULL) {
cur_backend = ggml_backend_sched_backend_from_buffer(sched, tensor->view_src->buffer);
cur_backend = ggml_backend_sched_backend_from_buffer(sched, tensor->view_src);
if (cur_backend != -1) {
SET_CAUSE(node, "1.vsrc");
SET_CAUSE(tensor, "1.vsrc");
return cur_backend;
}
}
// input
if (tensor->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_INPUT) {
cur_backend = sched->n_backends - 1; // last backend (assumed CPU)
SET_CAUSE(tensor, "1.inp");
return cur_backend;
}
// assign nodes that use weights to the backend of the weights
for (int i = 0; i < GGML_MAX_SRC; i++) {
const struct ggml_tensor * src = tensor->src[i];
@ -1055,9 +1144,9 @@ static int ggml_backend_sched_backend_id_from_cur(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, st
continue;
}
if (src->buffer != NULL && src->buffer->usage == GGML_BACKEND_BUFFER_USAGE_WEIGHTS) {
int src_backend = ggml_backend_sched_backend_from_buffer(sched, src->buffer);
int src_backend = ggml_backend_sched_backend_from_buffer(sched, src);
// operations with weights are always run on the same backend as the weights
SET_CAUSE(node, "1.wgt%d", i);
SET_CAUSE(tensor, "1.wgt%d", i);
return src_backend;
}
}
@ -1093,7 +1182,7 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_print_assignments(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, str
if (ggml_is_view_op(node->op)) {
continue;
}
ggml_backend_t tensor_backend = tensor_backend(node);
ggml_backend_t tensor_backend = ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, node);
fprintf(stderr, "node #%3d (%10.10s): %20.20s (%5.5s) [%5.5s %8.8s]:", i, ggml_op_name(node->op), node->name,
fmt_size(ggml_nbytes(node)), tensor_backend ? ggml_backend_name(tensor_backend) : "NULL", GET_CAUSE(node));
for (int j = 0; j < GGML_MAX_SRC; j++) {
@ -1101,7 +1190,7 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_print_assignments(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, str
if (src == NULL) {
continue;
}
ggml_backend_t src_backend = tensor_backend(src);
ggml_backend_t src_backend = ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, src);
fprintf(stderr, " %20.20s (%5.5s) [%5.5s %8.8s]", src->name,
fmt_size(ggml_nbytes(src)), src_backend ? ggml_backend_name(src_backend) : "NULL", GET_CAUSE(src));
}
@ -1118,6 +1207,7 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_print_assignments(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, str
static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_cgraph * graph) {
// reset splits
sched->n_splits = 0;
sched->n_graph_inputs = 0;
sched->is_reset = false;
struct ggml_init_params params = {
@ -1163,7 +1253,7 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
}
}
#ifdef DEBUG_PASS1
fprintf(stderr, "PASS 1 ASSIGNMENTS\n"); sched_print_assignments(sched, graph);
fprintf(stderr, "PASS 1 ASSIGNMENTS\n"); ggml_backend_sched_print_assignments(sched, graph);
#endif
// pass 2: expand current backend assignments
@ -1171,28 +1261,6 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
// expand gpu backends (i.e. non last prio) up and down, ignoring cpu (the lowest priority backend)
// thus, cpu will never be used unless weights are on cpu, or there are no gpu ops between cpu ops
// pass 2.1 expand gpu up
{
int cur_backend_id = -1;
for (int i = graph->n_nodes - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
struct ggml_tensor * node = graph->nodes[i];
if (ggml_is_view_op(node->op)) {
continue;
}
int tensor_backend_id = tensor_backend_id(node);
if (tensor_backend_id != -1) {
if (tensor_backend_id == sched->n_backends - 1) {
// skip cpu (lowest prio backend)
cur_backend_id = -1;
} else {
cur_backend_id = tensor_backend_id;
}
} else {
tensor_backend_id(node) = cur_backend_id;
SET_CAUSE(node, "2.1");
}
}
}
// pass 2.2 expand gpu down
{
@ -1217,7 +1285,7 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
}
}
// pass 2.3 expand rest up
// pass 2.1 expand gpu up
{
int cur_backend_id = -1;
for (int i = graph->n_nodes - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
@ -1227,14 +1295,20 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
}
int tensor_backend_id = tensor_backend_id(node);
if (tensor_backend_id != -1) {
cur_backend_id = tensor_backend_id;
if (tensor_backend_id == sched->n_backends - 1) {
// skip cpu (lowest prio backend)
cur_backend_id = -1;
} else {
cur_backend_id = tensor_backend_id;
}
} else {
tensor_backend_id(node) = cur_backend_id;
SET_CAUSE(node, "2.3");
SET_CAUSE(node, "2.1");
}
}
}
// pass 2.4 expand rest down
{
int cur_backend_id = -1;
@ -1252,8 +1326,26 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
}
}
}
// pass 2.3 expand rest up
{
int cur_backend_id = -1;
for (int i = graph->n_nodes - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
struct ggml_tensor * node = graph->nodes[i];
if (ggml_is_view_op(node->op)) {
continue;
}
int tensor_backend_id = tensor_backend_id(node);
if (tensor_backend_id != -1) {
cur_backend_id = tensor_backend_id;
} else {
tensor_backend_id(node) = cur_backend_id;
SET_CAUSE(node, "2.3");
}
}
}
#ifdef DEBUG_PASS2
fprintf(stderr, "PASS 2 ASSIGNMENTS\n"); sched_print_assignments(sched, graph);
fprintf(stderr, "PASS 2 ASSIGNMENTS\n"); ggml_backend_sched_print_assignments(sched, graph);
#endif
// pass 3: assign backends to remaining src from dst and view_src
@ -1283,7 +1375,7 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
}
}
#ifdef DEBUG_PASS3
fprintf(stderr, "PASS 3 ASSIGNMENTS\n"); sched_print_assignments(sched, graph);
fprintf(stderr, "PASS 3 ASSIGNMENTS\n"); ggml_backend_sched_print_assignments(sched, graph);
#endif
// pass 4: split graph, find tensors that need to be copied
@ -1315,7 +1407,7 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
if (tensor_backend_id != cur_backend_id) {
sched->splits[cur_split].i_end = i;
cur_split++;
GGML_ASSERT(cur_split < GGML_MAX_SPLITS);
GGML_ASSERT(cur_split < GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLITS);
sched->splits[cur_split].backend_id = tensor_backend_id;
sched->splits[cur_split].i_start = i;
sched->splits[cur_split].n_inputs = 0;
@ -1328,25 +1420,57 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
if (src == NULL) {
continue;
}
int src_backend_id = tensor_backend_id(src);
assert(src_backend_id != -1); // all inputs should be assigned by now
if (src->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_INPUT) {
size_t id = hash_id(src);
if (sched->tensor_copies[id][src_backend_id][0] == NULL) {
ggml_backend_t backend = sched->backends[src_backend_id];
for (int c = 0; c < sched->n_copies; c++) {
struct ggml_tensor * tensor_copy;
if (c == sched->cur_copy) {
tensor_copy = src; // use the original tensor as the current copy
} else {
tensor_copy = ggml_dup_tensor_layout(sched->ctx, src);
ggml_format_name(tensor_copy, "%s#%s#%d", ggml_backend_name(backend), src->name, c);
}
if (sched->n_copies > 1) {
ggml_set_input(tensor_copy);
ggml_set_output(tensor_copy); // prevent ggml-alloc from overwriting the tensor
}
sched->tensor_copies[id][src_backend_id][c] = tensor_copy;
tensor_backend_id(tensor_copy) = src_backend_id;
SET_CAUSE(tensor_copy, "4.cpy");
}
int n_graph_inputs = sched->n_graph_inputs++;
GGML_ASSERT(n_graph_inputs < GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS);
sched->graph_inputs[n_graph_inputs] = src;
}
}
if (src_backend_id != tensor_backend_id) {
// create a copy of the input in the split's backend
size_t id = hash_id(src);
if (sched->tensor_copies[id][cur_backend_id] == NULL) {
if (sched->tensor_copies[id][cur_backend_id][0] == NULL) {
ggml_backend_t backend = sched->backends[cur_backend_id];
struct ggml_tensor * tensor_copy = ggml_dup_tensor_layout(sched->ctx, src);
ggml_format_name(tensor_copy, "%s#%s", ggml_backend_name(backend), src->name);
sched->tensor_copies[id][cur_backend_id] = tensor_copy;
tensor_backend_id(tensor_copy) = cur_backend_id;
SET_CAUSE(tensor_copy, "4.cpy");
for (int c = 0; c < sched->n_copies; c++) {
struct ggml_tensor * tensor_copy = ggml_dup_tensor_layout(sched->ctx, src);
ggml_format_name(tensor_copy, "%s#%s#%d", ggml_backend_name(backend), src->name, c);
if (sched->n_copies > 1) {
ggml_set_input(tensor_copy);
ggml_set_output(tensor_copy); // prevent ggml-alloc from overwriting the tensor
}
sched->tensor_copies[id][cur_backend_id][c] = tensor_copy;
tensor_backend_id(tensor_copy) = cur_backend_id;
SET_CAUSE(tensor_copy, "4.cpy");
}
int n_inputs = sched->splits[cur_split].n_inputs++;
GGML_ASSERT(n_inputs < GGML_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS);
GGML_ASSERT(n_inputs < GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS);
sched->splits[cur_split].inputs[n_inputs] = src;
}
node->src[j] = sched->tensor_copies[id][cur_backend_id];
node->src[j] = sched->tensor_copies[id][cur_backend_id][sched->cur_copy];
}
}
}
@ -1354,37 +1478,39 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
sched->n_splits = cur_split + 1;
}
#ifdef DEBUG_PASS4
fprintf(stderr, "PASS 4 ASSIGNMENTS\n"); sched_print_assignments(sched, graph);
fprintf(stderr, "PASS 4 ASSIGNMENTS\n"); ggml_backend_sched_print_assignments(sched, graph);
#endif
#ifndef NDEBUG
// sanity check: all sources should have the same backend as the node
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_nodes; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * node = graph->nodes[i];
ggml_backend_t tensor_backend = tensor_backend(node);
ggml_backend_t tensor_backend = ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, node);
if (tensor_backend == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "!!!!!!! %s has no backend\n", node->name);
}
if (node->view_src != NULL && tensor_backend != tensor_backend(node->view_src)) {
if (node->view_src != NULL && tensor_backend != ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, node->view_src)) {
fprintf(stderr, "!!!!!!! %s has backend %s, view_src %s has backend %s\n",
node->name, tensor_backend ? ggml_backend_name(tensor_backend) : "NULL",
node->view_src->name, tensor_backend(node->view_src) ? ggml_backend_name(tensor_backend(node->view_src)) : "NULL");
node->view_src->name, ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, node->view_src) ?
ggml_backend_name(ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, node->view_src)) : "NULL");
}
for (int j = 0; j < GGML_MAX_SRC; j++) {
struct ggml_tensor * src = node->src[j];
if (src == NULL) {
continue;
}
ggml_backend_t src_backend = tensor_backend(src);
ggml_backend_t src_backend = ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, src);
if (src_backend != tensor_backend /* && src_backend != NULL */) {
fprintf(stderr, "!!!! %s has backend %s, src %d (%s) has backend %s\n",
node->name, tensor_backend ? ggml_backend_name(tensor_backend) : "NULL",
j, src->name, src_backend ? ggml_backend_name(src_backend) : "NULL");
}
if (src->view_src != NULL && src_backend != tensor_backend(src->view_src)) {
if (src->view_src != NULL && src_backend != ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, src->view_src)) {
fprintf(stderr, "!!!!!!! [src] %s has backend %s, view_src %s has backend %s\n",
src->name, src_backend ? ggml_backend_name(src_backend) : "NULL",
src->view_src->name, tensor_backend(src->view_src) ? ggml_backend_name(tensor_backend(src->view_src)) : "NULL");
src->view_src->name, ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, src->view_src) ?
ggml_backend_name(ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, src->view_src)) : "NULL");
}
}
}
@ -1392,18 +1518,20 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
#endif
// create copies of the graph for each split
// FIXME: avoid this copy, pass split inputs to ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph_n in some other way
struct ggml_cgraph * graph_copy = ggml_new_graph_custom(sched->ctx, graph->n_nodes + sched->n_splits*GGML_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS, false);
// TODO: avoid this copy
struct ggml_cgraph * graph_copy = ggml_new_graph_custom(sched->ctx, graph->n_nodes + sched->n_splits*GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS, false);
for (int i = 0; i < sched->n_splits; i++) {
struct ggml_backend_sched_split * split = &sched->splits[i];
split->graph = ggml_graph_view(graph, split->i_start, split->i_end);
// add inputs to the graph copy so that they are allocated by ggml-alloc at the start of the split
for (int j = 0; j < split->n_inputs; j++) {
struct ggml_tensor * input = split->inputs[j];
struct ggml_tensor * input_cpy = sched->tensor_copies[hash_id(input)][split->backend_id];
struct ggml_tensor * input_cpy = sched->tensor_copies[hash_id(input)][split->backend_id][sched->cur_copy];
// add a dependency to the input source so that it is not freed before the copy is done
struct ggml_tensor * input_dep = ggml_view_tensor(sched->ctx, input);
input_dep->src[0] = input;
sched->node_backend_ids[graph_copy->n_nodes] = tensor_backend_id(input);
graph_copy->nodes[graph_copy->n_nodes++] = input_dep;
@ -1417,18 +1545,56 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct gg
graph_copy->nodes[graph_copy->n_nodes++] = graph->nodes[j];
}
}
if (sched->n_copies > 1) {
// add input copies as leafs so that they are allocated first
for (int i = 0; i < sched->n_graph_inputs; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * input = sched->graph_inputs[i];
size_t id = hash_id(input);
int backend_id = tensor_backend_id(input);
for (int c = 0; c < sched->n_copies; c++) {
struct ggml_tensor * input_cpy = sched->tensor_copies[id][backend_id][c];
sched->leaf_backend_ids[graph_copy->n_leafs] = backend_id;
graph_copy->leafs[graph_copy->n_leafs++] = input_cpy;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < sched->n_splits; i++) {
struct ggml_backend_sched_split * split = &sched->splits[i];
int backend_id = split->backend_id;
for (int j = 0; j < split->n_inputs; j++) {
struct ggml_tensor * input = split->inputs[j];
size_t id = hash_id(input);
for (int c = 0; c < sched->n_copies; c++) {
struct ggml_tensor * input_cpy = sched->tensor_copies[id][backend_id][c];
sched->leaf_backend_ids[graph_copy->n_leafs] = backend_id;
graph_copy->leafs[graph_copy->n_leafs++] = input_cpy;
}
}
}
}
// add leafs from the original graph
for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_leafs; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * leaf = graph->leafs[i];
sched->leaf_backend_ids[graph_copy->n_leafs] = tensor_backend_id(leaf);
graph_copy->leafs[graph_copy->n_leafs++] = leaf;
}
sched->graph = graph_copy;
}
static bool ggml_backend_sched_alloc_splits(ggml_backend_sched_t sched) {
// ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(sched->galloc, sched->graph, sched->node_backend_ids);
// allocate graph
if (!ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph(sched->galloc, sched->graph)) {
// the re-allocation may cause the split inputs to be moved to a different address
ggml_backend_sched_synchronize(sched);
#ifndef NDEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "ggml_backend_sched: failed to allocate graph, reserving\n");
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to allocate graph, reserving\n", __func__);
#endif
ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(sched->galloc, sched->graph, sched->node_backend_ids);
ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(sched->galloc, sched->graph, sched->node_backend_ids, sched->leaf_backend_ids);
if (!ggml_gallocr_alloc_graph(sched->galloc, sched->graph)) {
fprintf(stderr, "ggml_backend_sched: failed to allocate graph\n");
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to allocate graph\n", __func__);
return false;
}
}
@ -1437,9 +1603,6 @@ static bool ggml_backend_sched_alloc_splits(ggml_backend_sched_t sched) {
}
static enum ggml_status ggml_backend_sched_compute_splits(ggml_backend_sched_t sched) {
uint64_t copy_us[GGML_MAX_BACKENDS] = {0};
uint64_t compute_us[GGML_MAX_BACKENDS] = {0};
struct ggml_backend_sched_split * splits = sched->splits;
for (int i = 0; i < sched->n_splits; i++) {
@ -1448,34 +1611,36 @@ static enum ggml_status ggml_backend_sched_compute_splits(ggml_backend_sched_t s
ggml_backend_t split_backend = sched->backends[split_backend_id];
// copy the input tensors to the split backend
uint64_t copy_start_us = ggml_time_us();
for (int j = 0; j < split->n_inputs; j++) {
ggml_backend_t input_backend = ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(sched, split->inputs[j]);
struct ggml_tensor * input = split->inputs[j];
struct ggml_tensor * input_cpy = sched->tensor_copies[hash_id(input)][split_backend_id];
struct ggml_tensor * input_cpy = sched->tensor_copies[hash_id(input)][split_backend_id][sched->cur_copy];
GGML_ASSERT(input->buffer != NULL);
GGML_ASSERT(input_cpy->buffer != NULL);
if (input->flags & GGML_TENSOR_FLAG_INPUT) {
// inputs from the user must be copied immediately to prevent the user overwriting the data before the copy is done
if (sched->events[split_backend_id][sched->cur_copy] != NULL) {
ggml_backend_event_synchronize(sched->events[split_backend_id][sched->cur_copy]);
} else {
ggml_backend_synchronize(split_backend);
}
ggml_backend_tensor_copy(input, input_cpy);
} else {
if (sched->events[split_backend_id][sched->cur_copy] != NULL) {
ggml_backend_event_wait(split_backend, sched->events[split_backend_id][sched->cur_copy]);
} else {
ggml_backend_synchronize(split_backend);
ggml_backend_synchronize(input_backend);
}
ggml_backend_tensor_copy_async(split_backend, input, input_cpy);
ggml_backend_tensor_copy_async(input_backend, split_backend, input, input_cpy);
}
}
//ggml_backend_synchronize(split_backend); // necessary to measure copy time
int64_t copy_end_us = ggml_time_us();
copy_us[split_backend_id] += copy_end_us - copy_start_us;
#if 0
char split_filename[GGML_MAX_NAME];
snprintf(split_filename, GGML_MAX_NAME, "split_%i_%s.dot", i, ggml_backend_name(split_backend));
ggml_graph_dump_dot(split->graph, NULL, split_filename);
#endif
uint64_t compute_start_us = ggml_time_us();
if (!sched->callback_eval) {
enum ggml_status ec = ggml_backend_graph_compute(split_backend, &split->graph);
enum ggml_status ec = ggml_backend_graph_compute_async(split_backend, &split->graph);
if (ec != GGML_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
return ec;
}
//ggml_backend_synchronize(split_backend); // necessary to measure compute time
} else {
// similar to ggml_backend_compare_graph_backend
for (int j0 = 0; j0 < split->graph.n_nodes; j0++) {
@ -1494,11 +1659,14 @@ static enum ggml_status ggml_backend_sched_compute_splits(ggml_backend_sched_t s
struct ggml_cgraph gv = ggml_graph_view(&split->graph, j0, j1 + 1);
enum ggml_status ec = ggml_backend_graph_compute(split_backend, &gv);
enum ggml_status ec = ggml_backend_graph_compute_async(split_backend, &gv);
if (ec != GGML_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
return ec;
}
// TODO: pass backend to the callback, then the user can decide if they want to synchronize
ggml_backend_synchronize(split_backend);
if (need && !sched->callback_eval(t, false, sched->callback_eval_user_data)) {
break;
}
@ -1506,39 +1674,54 @@ static enum ggml_status ggml_backend_sched_compute_splits(ggml_backend_sched_t s
j0 = j1;
}
}
uint64_t compute_end_us = ggml_time_us();
compute_us[split_backend_id] += compute_end_us - compute_start_us;
}
#if 0
// per-backend timings
fprintf(stderr, "sched_compute_splits times (%d splits):\n", sched->n_splits);
for (int i = 0; i < sched->n_backends; i++) {
if (copy_us[i] > 0 || compute_us[i] > 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "\t%5.5s: %lu us copy, %lu us compute\n", ggml_backend_name(sched->backends[i]), copy_us[i], compute_us[i]);
// record the event of this copy
if (split->n_inputs > 0) {
if (sched->events[split_backend_id][sched->cur_copy] != NULL) {
ggml_backend_event_record(sched->events[split_backend_id][sched->cur_copy]);
}
}
}
#endif
sched->cur_copy = (sched->cur_copy + 1) % sched->n_copies;
return GGML_STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
ggml_backend_sched_t ggml_backend_sched_new(ggml_backend_t * backends, ggml_backend_buffer_type_t * bufts, int n_backends, size_t graph_size) {
ggml_backend_sched_t ggml_backend_sched_new(
ggml_backend_t * backends,
ggml_backend_buffer_type_t * bufts,
int n_backends,
size_t graph_size,
bool parallel) {
GGML_ASSERT(n_backends > 0);
GGML_ASSERT(n_backends <= GGML_MAX_BACKENDS);
GGML_ASSERT(n_backends <= GGML_SCHED_MAX_BACKENDS);
GGML_ASSERT(ggml_backend_is_cpu(backends[n_backends - 1])); // last backend must be CPU
struct ggml_backend_sched * sched = calloc(sizeof(struct ggml_backend_sched), 1);
// initialize hash table
sched->hash_set = ggml_hash_set_new(graph_size + GGML_MAX_SPLITS*GGML_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS);
sched->hash_set = ggml_hash_set_new(graph_size + GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLITS*GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS);
sched->tensor_backend_id = calloc(sizeof(sched->tensor_backend_id[0]), sched->hash_set.size);
sched->tensor_copies = calloc(sizeof(sched->tensor_copies[0]), sched->hash_set.size);
sched->node_backend_ids = calloc(sizeof(sched->node_backend_ids[0]), graph_size);
sched->leaf_backend_ids = calloc(sizeof(sched->leaf_backend_ids[0]), graph_size);
sched->n_backends = n_backends;
for (int i = 0; i < n_backends; i++) {
sched->backends[i] = backends[i];
sched->bufts[i] = bufts ? bufts[i] : ggml_backend_get_default_buffer_type(backends[i]);
sched->n_copies = parallel ? GGML_SCHED_MAX_COPIES : 1;
GGML_ASSERT(sched->n_copies <= GGML_SCHED_MAX_COPIES);
for (int b = 0; b < n_backends; b++) {
sched->backends[b] = backends[b];
sched->bufts[b] = bufts ? bufts[b] : ggml_backend_get_default_buffer_type(backends[b]);
GGML_ASSERT(ggml_backend_buft_supports_backend(sched->bufts[b], backends[b]));
if (sched->n_copies > 1) {
for (int c = 0; c < sched->n_copies; c++) {
sched->events[b][c] = ggml_backend_event_new(backends[b]);
}
}
}
sched->galloc = ggml_gallocr_new_n(sched->bufts, n_backends);
@ -1552,12 +1735,18 @@ void ggml_backend_sched_free(ggml_backend_sched_t sched) {
if (sched == NULL) {
return;
}
for (int b = 0; b < sched->n_backends; b++) {
for (int c = 0; c < sched->n_copies; c++) {
ggml_backend_event_free(sched->events[b][c]);
}
}
ggml_gallocr_free(sched->galloc);
ggml_free(sched->ctx);
free(sched->hash_set.keys);
free(sched->tensor_backend_id);
free(sched->tensor_copies);
free(sched->node_backend_ids);
free(sched->leaf_backend_ids);
free(sched);
}
@ -1569,34 +1758,63 @@ void ggml_backend_sched_reset(ggml_backend_sched_t sched) {
memset(sched->tensor_copies, 0, sizeof(sched->tensor_copies[0]) * hash_size);
sched->is_reset = true;
sched->is_alloc = false;
}
bool ggml_backend_sched_reserve(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_cgraph * measure_graph) {
ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(sched, measure_graph);
if (!ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(sched->galloc, sched->graph, sched->node_backend_ids)) {
// TODO: extract this to a separate function
if (!ggml_gallocr_reserve_n(sched->galloc, sched->graph, sched->node_backend_ids, sched->leaf_backend_ids)) {
return false;
}
ggml_backend_sched_reset(sched);
ggml_backend_sched_synchronize(sched);
return true;
}
bool ggml_backend_sched_alloc_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_cgraph * graph) {
GGML_ASSERT((int)sched->hash_set.size >= graph->n_nodes + GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLITS*GGML_SCHED_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS);
ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(sched, graph);
if (!ggml_backend_sched_alloc_splits(sched)) {
return false;
}
sched->is_alloc = true;
return true;
}
enum ggml_status ggml_backend_sched_graph_compute(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_cgraph * graph) {
GGML_ASSERT((int)sched->hash_set.size >= graph->n_nodes + GGML_MAX_SPLITS*GGML_MAX_SPLIT_INPUTS);
enum ggml_status err = ggml_backend_sched_graph_compute_async(sched, graph);
ggml_backend_sched_synchronize(sched);
return err;
}
if (!sched->is_reset) {
enum ggml_status ggml_backend_sched_graph_compute_async(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_cgraph * graph) {
if (!sched->is_reset && !sched->is_alloc) {
ggml_backend_sched_reset(sched);
}
ggml_backend_sched_split_graph(sched, graph);
if (!ggml_backend_sched_alloc_splits(sched)) {
return GGML_STATUS_ALLOC_FAILED;
if (!sched->is_alloc) {
if (!ggml_backend_sched_alloc_graph(sched, graph)) {
return GGML_STATUS_ALLOC_FAILED;
}
}
return ggml_backend_sched_compute_splits(sched);
}
void ggml_backend_sched_synchronize(ggml_backend_sched_t sched) {
for (int i = 0; i < sched->n_backends; i++) {
ggml_backend_synchronize(sched->backends[i]);
}
}
void ggml_backend_sched_set_eval_callback(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, ggml_backend_sched_eval_callback callback, void * user_data) {
sched->callback_eval = callback;
sched->callback_eval_user_data = user_data;
@ -1606,19 +1824,24 @@ int ggml_backend_sched_get_n_splits(ggml_backend_sched_t sched) {
return sched->n_splits;
}
int ggml_backend_sched_get_n_copies(ggml_backend_sched_t sched) {
return sched->n_copies;
}
size_t ggml_backend_sched_get_buffer_size(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, ggml_backend_t backend) {
int backend_index = ggml_backend_sched_backend_id(sched, backend);
GGML_ASSERT(backend_index >= 0 && backend_index < sched->n_backends);
return ggml_gallocr_get_buffer_size(sched->galloc, backend_index);
}
void ggml_backend_sched_set_node_backend(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_tensor * node, ggml_backend_t backend) {
void ggml_backend_sched_set_tensor_backend(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_tensor * node, ggml_backend_t backend) {
int backend_index = ggml_backend_sched_backend_id(sched, backend);
GGML_ASSERT(backend_index >= 0 && backend_index < sched->n_backends);
tensor_backend_id(node) = backend_index;
}
ggml_backend_t ggml_backend_sched_get_node_backend(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_tensor * node) {
ggml_backend_t ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_tensor * node) {
int backend_index = tensor_backend_id(node);
if (backend_index == -1) {
return NULL;

58
ggml-backend.h
View File

@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ extern "C" {
typedef struct ggml_backend_buffer_type * ggml_backend_buffer_type_t;
typedef struct ggml_backend_buffer * ggml_backend_buffer_t;
typedef struct ggml_backend_event * ggml_backend_event_t;
typedef struct ggml_backend * ggml_backend_t;
typedef void * ggml_backend_graph_plan_t;
@ -72,11 +73,24 @@ extern "C" {
GGML_API enum ggml_status ggml_backend_graph_plan_compute(ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_backend_graph_plan_t plan);
GGML_API enum ggml_status ggml_backend_graph_compute (ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph);
GGML_API bool ggml_backend_graph_compute_async(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph);
GGML_API bool ggml_backend_supports_op(ggml_backend_t backend, const struct ggml_tensor * op);
// tensor copy between different backends
GGML_API void ggml_backend_tensor_copy(struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);
GGML_API void ggml_backend_tensor_copy_async(ggml_backend_t backend, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst); // automatic fallback to sync copy
// asynchronous copy
// the copy is performed after all the currently queued operations in backend_src
// backend_dst will wait for the copy to complete before performing other operations
// automatic fallback to sync copy if async is not supported
GGML_API void ggml_backend_tensor_copy_async(ggml_backend_t backend_src, ggml_backend_t backend_dst, struct ggml_tensor * src, struct ggml_tensor * dst);
// events
GGML_API ggml_backend_event_t ggml_backend_event_new (ggml_backend_t backend);
GGML_API void ggml_backend_event_free (ggml_backend_event_t event);
GGML_API void ggml_backend_event_record (ggml_backend_event_t event);
GGML_API void ggml_backend_event_synchronize(ggml_backend_event_t event);
GGML_API void ggml_backend_event_wait (ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_backend_event_t event); // wait async on event
//
// CPU backend
@ -123,27 +137,31 @@ extern "C" {
/*
Example usage:
sched = ggml_backend_sched_new({backend_gpu, backend_gpu2, backend_cpu}, num_backends);
// sched is initialized with measure allocators and cannot be used until allocated with a measure graph
// operations that use tensors allocated in a buffer with USAGE_WEIGHTS will be asigned
// preferrably to run on the same backend as the buffer
ggml_backend_buffer_set_usage(buf_weights, GGML_BACKEND_BUFFER_USAGE_WEIGHTS);
// initialize buffers from a measure graph
measure_graph = build_graph(sched); // use the allocr to allocate inputs as needed
sched = ggml_backend_sched_new({backend_gpu, backend_gpu2, backend_cpu}, NULL, num_backends, GGML_DEFAULT_GRAPH_SIZE, false);
// in build_graph:
build_graph(...) {
// manually assign nodes to a backend (optional, should not be needed in most cases)
struct ggml_tensor * node = ggml_mul_mat(ctx, ...);
ggml_backend_sched_set_node_backend(sched, node, backend_gpu);
}
// initialize buffers from a max size graph (optional)
reserve_graph = build_graph(sched, max_batch_size);
// allocate backend buffers from measure graph
ggml_backend_sched_init_measure(sched, measure_graph);
// manually assign nodes to a backend (optional, should not be needed in most cases)
struct ggml_tensor * node = ggml_mul_mat(ctx, ...);
ggml_backend_sched_set_tensor_backend(sched, node, backend_gpu);
// the scheduler is now ready to compute graphs
ggml_backend_sched_reserve(sched, reserve_graph);
// compute
graph = build_graph(sched);
ggml_backend_sched_graph_compute(sched, graph);
// if there are graph inputs:
ggml_backend_sched_reset(sched);
ggml_backend_sched_alloc_graph(sched, graph);
ggml_backend_tensor_set(input_tensor, ...);
ggml_backend_sched_graph_compute(sched, graph);
}
*/
struct ggml_backend_sched;
@ -158,20 +176,26 @@ extern "C" {
typedef bool (*ggml_backend_sched_eval_callback)(struct ggml_tensor * t, bool ask, void * user_data);
// Initialize a backend scheduler
GGML_API ggml_backend_sched_t ggml_backend_sched_new(ggml_backend_t * backends, ggml_backend_buffer_type_t * bufts, int n_backends, size_t graph_size);
GGML_API ggml_backend_sched_t ggml_backend_sched_new(ggml_backend_t * backends, ggml_backend_buffer_type_t * bufts, int n_backends, size_t graph_size, bool parallel);
GGML_API void ggml_backend_sched_free(ggml_backend_sched_t sched);
// Initialize backend buffers from a measure graph
GGML_API bool ggml_backend_sched_reserve(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_cgraph * measure_graph);
// Get the number of splits of the last graph
GGML_API int ggml_backend_sched_get_n_splits(ggml_backend_sched_t sched);
GGML_API int ggml_backend_sched_get_n_copies(ggml_backend_sched_t sched);
GGML_API size_t ggml_backend_sched_get_buffer_size(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, ggml_backend_t backend);
GGML_API void ggml_backend_sched_set_node_backend(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_tensor * node, ggml_backend_t backend);
GGML_API ggml_backend_t ggml_backend_sched_get_node_backend(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_tensor * node);
GGML_API void ggml_backend_sched_set_tensor_backend(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_tensor * node, ggml_backend_t backend);
GGML_API ggml_backend_t ggml_backend_sched_get_tensor_backend(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_tensor * node);
// Allocate and compute graph on the backend scheduler
GGML_API bool ggml_backend_sched_alloc_graph(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_cgraph * graph);
GGML_API enum ggml_status ggml_backend_sched_graph_compute(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_cgraph * graph);
GGML_API enum ggml_status ggml_backend_sched_graph_compute_async(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, struct ggml_cgraph * graph);
GGML_API void ggml_backend_sched_synchronize(ggml_backend_sched_t sched);
// Reset all assignments and allocators - must be called before changing the node backends
GGML_API void ggml_backend_sched_reset(ggml_backend_sched_t sched);

175
ggml-cuda.cu
View File

@ -72,6 +72,7 @@
#define cudaEventCreateWithFlags hipEventCreateWithFlags
#define cudaEventDisableTiming hipEventDisableTiming
#define cudaEventRecord hipEventRecord
#define cudaEventSynchronize hipEventSynchronize
#define cudaEvent_t hipEvent_t
#define cudaEventDestroy hipEventDestroy
#define cudaFree hipFree
@ -81,6 +82,7 @@
#define cudaGetDeviceProperties hipGetDeviceProperties
#define cudaGetErrorString hipGetErrorString
#define cudaGetLastError hipGetLastError
#define cudaLaunchHostFunc hipLaunchHostFunc
#ifdef GGML_HIP_UMA
#define cudaMalloc hipMallocManaged
#define cudaMallocHost(ptr, size) hipHostMalloc(ptr, size)
@ -104,6 +106,7 @@
#define cudaStreamCreateWithFlags hipStreamCreateWithFlags
#define cudaStreamFireAndForget hipStreamFireAndForget
#define cudaStreamNonBlocking hipStreamNonBlocking
#define cudaStreamPerThread hipStreamPerThread
#define cudaStreamSynchronize hipStreamSynchronize
#define cudaStreamWaitEvent(stream, event, flags) hipStreamWaitEvent(stream, event, flags)
#define cudaStream_t hipStream_t
@ -10641,8 +10644,20 @@ GGML_CALL void ggml_cuda_get_device_description(int device, char * description,
#define UNUSED GGML_UNUSED
struct ggml_backend_cuda_context {
explicit ggml_backend_cuda_context(int device) :
device(device),
name(GGML_CUDA_NAME + std::to_string(device)) {
}
~ggml_backend_cuda_context() {
if (copy_event != nullptr) {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaEventDestroy(copy_event));
}
}
int device;
std::string name;
cudaEvent_t copy_event = nullptr;
};
// cuda buffer
@ -10732,9 +10747,8 @@ GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_set_tensor(ggml_backend_buffer_t
ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context * ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context *)buffer->context;
ggml_cuda_set_device(ctx->device);
CUDA_CHECK(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpy((char *)tensor->data + offset, data, size, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
CUDA_CHECK(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync((char *)tensor->data + offset, data, size, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice, cudaStreamPerThread));
CUDA_CHECK(cudaStreamSynchronize(cudaStreamPerThread));
}
GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_get_tensor(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, const ggml_tensor * tensor, void * data, size_t offset, size_t size) {
@ -10743,26 +10757,25 @@ GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_get_tensor(ggml_backend_buffer_t
ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context * ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context *)buffer->context;
ggml_cuda_set_device(ctx->device);
CUDA_CHECK(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpy(data, (const char *)tensor->data + offset, size, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
CUDA_CHECK(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync(data, (const char *)tensor->data + offset, size, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost, cudaStreamPerThread));
CUDA_CHECK(cudaStreamSynchronize(cudaStreamPerThread));
}
GGML_CALL static bool ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_cpy_tensor(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, const ggml_tensor * src, ggml_tensor * dst) {
if (ggml_backend_buffer_is_cuda(src->buffer)) {
ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context * src_ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context *)src->buffer->context;
ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context * dst_ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context *)buffer->context;
ggml_cuda_set_device(src_ctx->device);
CUDA_CHECK(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
ggml_cuda_set_device(dst_ctx->device);
CUDA_CHECK(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpy((char *)dst->data, (const char *)src->data, ggml_nbytes(src), cudaMemcpyDeviceToDevice));
CUDA_CHECK(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context * dst_ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context *)dst->buffer->context;
if (src_ctx->device == dst_ctx->device) {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync(dst->data, src->data, ggml_nbytes(src), cudaMemcpyDeviceToDevice, cudaStreamPerThread));
} else {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyPeerAsync(dst->data, dst_ctx->device, src->data, src_ctx->device, ggml_nbytes(src), cudaStreamPerThread));
}
CUDA_CHECK(cudaStreamSynchronize(cudaStreamPerThread));
return true;
}
return false;
UNUSED(buffer);
}
GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_clear(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, uint8_t value) {
@ -11007,7 +11020,11 @@ GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_split_buffer_set_tensor(ggml_backend_buf
}
const char * buf_host = (const char *)data + offset_split;
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpy(extra->data_device[id], buf_host, original_size, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync(extra->data_device[id], buf_host, original_size, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice, cudaStreamPerThread));
}
for (int id = 0; id < g_device_count; ++id) {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaStreamSynchronize(cudaStreamPerThread));
}
}
@ -11041,7 +11058,11 @@ GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_split_buffer_get_tensor(ggml_backend_buf
}
char * buf_host = (char *)data + offset_split;
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpy(buf_host, extra->data_device[id], original_size, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync(buf_host, extra->data_device[id], original_size, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost, cudaStreamPerThread));
}
for (int id = 0; id < g_device_count; ++id) {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaStreamSynchronize(cudaStreamPerThread));
}
}
@ -11220,6 +11241,10 @@ GGML_CALL ggml_backend_buffer_type_t ggml_backend_cuda_host_buffer_type() {
return &ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_type_host;
}
//static bool ggml_backend_buffer_is_cuda_host(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer) {
// return buffer->buft->iface.get_name == ggml_backend_cuda_host_buffer_type_name;
//}
// backend
GGML_CALL static const char * ggml_backend_cuda_name(ggml_backend_t backend) {
@ -11243,8 +11268,9 @@ GGML_CALL static ggml_backend_buffer_type_t ggml_backend_cuda_get_default_buffer
GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_set_tensor_async(ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_tensor * tensor, const void * data, size_t offset, size_t size) {
ggml_backend_cuda_context * cuda_ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_context *)backend->context;
ggml_backend_buffer_t buf = tensor->view_src ? tensor->view_src->buffer : tensor->buffer;
GGML_ASSERT(tensor->buffer->buft == ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_type(cuda_ctx->device) && "unsupported buffer type");
GGML_ASSERT(buf->buft == ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_type(cuda_ctx->device) && "unsupported buffer type");
GGML_ASSERT(tensor->backend == GGML_BACKEND_TYPE_GPU);
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync((char *)tensor->data + offset, data, size, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice, g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx->device][0]));
@ -11252,22 +11278,61 @@ GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_set_tensor_async(ggml_backend_t backend,
GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_get_tensor_async(ggml_backend_t backend, const ggml_tensor * tensor, void * data, size_t offset, size_t size) {
ggml_backend_cuda_context * cuda_ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_context *)backend->context;
ggml_backend_buffer_t buf = tensor->view_src ? tensor->view_src->buffer : tensor->buffer;
GGML_ASSERT(tensor->buffer->buft == ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_type(cuda_ctx->device) && "unsupported buffer type");
GGML_ASSERT(buf->buft == ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_type(cuda_ctx->device) && "unsupported buffer type");
GGML_ASSERT(tensor->backend == GGML_BACKEND_TYPE_GPU);
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync(data, (const char *)tensor->data + offset, size, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost, g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx->device][0]));
}
GGML_CALL static bool ggml_backend_cuda_cpy_tensor_async(ggml_backend_t backend, const ggml_tensor * src, ggml_tensor * dst) {
ggml_backend_cuda_context * cuda_ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_context *)backend->context;
GGML_CALL static bool ggml_backend_cuda_cpy_tensor_async(ggml_backend_t backend_src, ggml_backend_t backend_dst, const ggml_tensor * src, ggml_tensor * dst) {
GGML_ASSERT(ggml_backend_is_cuda(backend_src) || ggml_backend_is_cuda(backend_dst));
if (dst->buffer->buft == ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_type(cuda_ctx->device) && ggml_backend_buffer_is_cuda(src->buffer)) {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync(dst->data, src->data, ggml_nbytes(dst), cudaMemcpyDeviceToDevice, g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx->device][0]));
return true;
ggml_backend_buffer_t buf_src = src->view_src ? src->view_src->buffer : src->buffer;
ggml_backend_buffer_t buf_dst = dst->view_src ? dst->view_src->buffer : dst->buffer;
if (!ggml_backend_buffer_is_cuda(src->buffer)) {
return false;
}
return false;
if (!ggml_backend_buffer_is_cuda(dst->buffer)) {
return false;
}
// device -> device
ggml_backend_cuda_context * cuda_ctx_src = (ggml_backend_cuda_context *)backend_src->context;
ggml_backend_cuda_context * cuda_ctx_dst = (ggml_backend_cuda_context *)backend_dst->context;
if (backend_src != backend_dst) {
ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context * buf_ctx_src = (ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context *)buf_src->context;
ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context * buf_ctx_dst = (ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_context *)buf_dst->context;
GGML_ASSERT(cuda_ctx_src->device == buf_ctx_src->device);
GGML_ASSERT(cuda_ctx_dst->device == buf_ctx_dst->device);
if (!cuda_ctx_src->copy_event) {
ggml_cuda_set_device(cuda_ctx_src->device);
CUDA_CHECK(cudaEventCreateWithFlags(&cuda_ctx_src->copy_event, cudaEventDisableTiming));
}
// copy on src stream
if (cuda_ctx_src->device == cuda_ctx_dst->device) {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync(dst->data, src->data, ggml_nbytes(dst), cudaMemcpyDeviceToDevice, g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx_dst->device][0]));
} else {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyPeerAsync(dst->data, cuda_ctx_dst->device, src->data, cuda_ctx_src->device, ggml_nbytes(dst), g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx_src->device][0]));
}
// record event on src stream
CUDA_CHECK(cudaEventRecord(cuda_ctx_src->copy_event, g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx_src->device][0]));
// wait on dst stream for the copy to complete
CUDA_CHECK(cudaStreamWaitEvent(g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx_dst->device][0], cuda_ctx_src->copy_event, 0));
} else {
// src and dst are on the same backend
CUDA_CHECK(cudaMemcpyAsync(dst->data, src->data, ggml_nbytes(dst), cudaMemcpyDeviceToDevice, g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx_dst->device][0]));
}
return true;
}
GGML_CALL static void ggml_backend_cuda_synchronize(ggml_backend_t backend) {
@ -11444,6 +11509,52 @@ GGML_CALL static bool ggml_backend_cuda_supports_op(ggml_backend_t backend, cons
UNUSED(backend);
}
static ggml_backend_event_t ggml_backend_cuda_event_new(ggml_backend_t backend) {
ggml_backend_cuda_context * cuda_ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_context *)backend->context;
ggml_cuda_set_device(cuda_ctx->device);
cudaEvent_t event;
CUDA_CHECK(cudaEventCreateWithFlags(&event, cudaEventDisableTiming));
return new ggml_backend_event {
/* .backend = */ backend,
/* .context = */ event,
};
}
static void ggml_backend_cuda_event_free(ggml_backend_event_t event) {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaEventDestroy((cudaEvent_t)event->context));
delete event;
}
static void ggml_backend_cuda_event_record(ggml_backend_event_t event) {
ggml_backend_cuda_context * cuda_ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_context *)event->backend->context;
CUDA_CHECK(cudaEventRecord((cudaEvent_t)event->context, g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx->device][0]));
}
static void ggml_backend_cuda_event_wait(ggml_backend_t backend, ggml_backend_event_t event) {
ggml_backend_cuda_context * cuda_ctx = (ggml_backend_cuda_context *)backend->context;
if (ggml_backend_is_cuda(event->backend)) {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaStreamWaitEvent(g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx->device][0], (cudaEvent_t)event->context, 0));
} else {
// untested
auto wait_fn = [](void * user_data) {
ggml_backend_event_t event = (ggml_backend_event_t)user_data;
ggml_backend_event_synchronize(event);
};
CUDA_CHECK(cudaLaunchHostFunc(g_cudaStreams[cuda_ctx->device][0], wait_fn, event));
}
}
static void ggml_backend_cuda_event_synchronize(ggml_backend_event_t event) {
CUDA_CHECK(cudaEventSynchronize((cudaEvent_t)event->context));
}
static ggml_backend_i ggml_backend_cuda_interface = {
/* .get_name = */ ggml_backend_cuda_name,
/* .free = */ ggml_backend_cuda_free,
@ -11457,6 +11568,11 @@ static ggml_backend_i ggml_backend_cuda_interface = {
/* .graph_plan_compute = */ NULL,
/* .graph_compute = */ ggml_backend_cuda_graph_compute,
/* .supports_op = */ ggml_backend_cuda_supports_op,
/* .event_new = */ ggml_backend_cuda_event_new,
/* .event_free = */ ggml_backend_cuda_event_free,
/* .event_record = */ ggml_backend_cuda_event_record,
/* .event_wait = */ ggml_backend_cuda_event_wait,
/* .event_synchronize = */ ggml_backend_cuda_event_synchronize,
};
static ggml_guid_t ggml_backend_cuda_guid() {
@ -11475,10 +11591,11 @@ GGML_CALL ggml_backend_t ggml_backend_cuda_init(int device) {
// not strictly necessary, but it may reduce the overhead of the first graph_compute
ggml_cuda_set_main_device(device);
ggml_backend_cuda_context * ctx = new ggml_backend_cuda_context {
/* .device = */ device,
/* .name = */ GGML_CUDA_NAME + std::to_string(device),
};
ggml_backend_cuda_context * ctx = new ggml_backend_cuda_context(device);
if (ctx == nullptr) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: failed to allocate context\n", __func__);
return nullptr;
}
ggml_backend_t cuda_backend = new ggml_backend {
/* .guid = */ ggml_backend_cuda_guid(),

5
ggml-kompute.cpp
View File

@ -1951,6 +1951,11 @@ static struct ggml_backend_i kompute_backend_i = {
/* .graph_plan_compute = */ NULL,
/* .graph_compute = */ ggml_backend_kompute_graph_compute,
/* .supports_op = */ ggml_backend_kompute_supports_op,
/* .event_new = */ NULL,
/* .event_free = */ NULL,
/* .event_record = */ NULL,
/* .event_wait = */ NULL,
/* .event_synchronize = */ NULL,
};
static ggml_guid_t ggml_backend_kompute_guid() {

5
ggml-metal.m
View File

@ -2820,6 +2820,11 @@ static struct ggml_backend_i ggml_backend_metal_i = {
/* .graph_plan_compute = */ NULL,
/* .graph_compute = */ ggml_backend_metal_graph_compute,
/* .supports_op = */ ggml_backend_metal_supports_op,
/* .event_new = */ NULL,
/* .event_free = */ NULL,
/* .event_record = */ NULL,
/* .event_wait = */ NULL,
/* .event_synchronize = */ NULL,
};
void ggml_backend_metal_log_set_callback(ggml_log_callback log_callback, void * user_data) {

7
ggml-sycl.cpp
View File

@ -17249,13 +17249,18 @@ static ggml_backend_i ggml_backend_sycl_interface = {
/* .get_default_buffer_type = */ ggml_backend_sycl_get_default_buffer_type,
/* .set_tensor_async = */ ggml_backend_sycl_set_tensor_async,
/* .get_tensor_async = */ ggml_backend_sycl_get_tensor_async,
/* .cpy_tensor_async = */ ggml_backend_sycl_cpy_tensor_async,
/* .cpy_tensor_async = */ NULL, //ggml_backend_sycl_cpy_tensor_async, // TODO: update for the new interface
/* .synchronize = */ ggml_backend_sycl_synchronize,
/* .graph_plan_create = */ NULL,
/* .graph_plan_free = */ NULL,
/* .graph_plan_compute = */ NULL,
/* .graph_compute = */ ggml_backend_sycl_graph_compute,
/* .supports_op = */ ggml_backend_sycl_supports_op,
/* .event_new = */ NULL,
/* .event_free = */ NULL,
/* .event_record = */ NULL,
/* .event_wait = */ NULL,
/* .event_synchronize = */ NULL,
};
static ggml_guid_t ggml_backend_sycl_guid() {

5
ggml-vulkan.cpp
View File

@ -5693,6 +5693,11 @@ static ggml_backend_i ggml_backend_vk_interface = {
/* .graph_plan_compute = */ NULL,
/* .graph_compute = */ ggml_backend_vk_graph_compute,
/* .supports_op = */ ggml_backend_vk_supports_op,
/* .event_new = */ NULL,
/* .event_free = */ NULL,
/* .event_record = */ NULL,
/* .event_wait = */ NULL,
/* .event_synchronize = */ NULL,
};
static ggml_guid_t ggml_backend_vk_guid() {

113
ggml.c
View File

@ -11560,8 +11560,6 @@ static void ggml_compute_forward_get_rows_q(
const struct ggml_tensor * src0 = dst->src[0];
const struct ggml_tensor * src1 = dst->src[1];
assert(params->ith == 0);
if (params->type == GGML_TASK_TYPE_INIT || params->type == GGML_TASK_TYPE_FINALIZE) {
return;
}
@ -11569,7 +11567,7 @@ static void ggml_compute_forward_get_rows_q(
GGML_TENSOR_BINARY_OP_LOCALS
const int64_t nc = ne00;
const int64_t nr = ggml_nelements(src1); GGML_UNUSED(nr);
const int64_t nr = ggml_nelements(src1);
const enum ggml_type type = src0->type;
ggml_to_float_t const dequantize_row_q = type_traits[type].to_float;
@ -11579,17 +11577,25 @@ static void ggml_compute_forward_get_rows_q(
assert(nb00 == ggml_type_size(type));
assert(ggml_nrows(dst) == nr);
// TODO: multi-thread
for (int64_t i12 = 0; i12 < ne12; ++i12) {
for (int64_t i11 = 0; i11 < ne11; ++i11) {
for (int64_t i10 = 0; i10 < ne10; ++i10) {
const int64_t i01 = *(int32_t *) ((char *) src1->data + i10*nb10 + i11*nb11 + i12*nb12);
const int ith = params->ith;
const int nth = params->nth;
dequantize_row_q(
(const void *) ((char *) src0->data + i01*nb01 + i11*nb02 + i12*nb03),
(float *) ((char *) dst->data + i10*nb1 + i11*nb2 + i12*nb3), nc);
}
}
// rows per thread
const int dr = (nr + nth - 1)/nth;
// row range for this thread
const int ir0 = dr*ith;
const int ir1 = MIN(ir0 + dr, nr);
for (int64_t i = ir0; i < ir1; ++i) {
const int64_t i12 = i/(ne11*ne10);
const int64_t i11 = (i - i12*ne11*ne10)/ne10;
const int64_t i10 = (i - i12*ne11*ne10 - i11*ne10);
const int64_t i01 = *(int32_t *) ((char *) src1->data + i10*nb10 + i11*nb11 + i12*nb12);
dequantize_row_q(
(const void *) ((char *) src0->data + i01*nb01 + i11*nb02 + i12*nb03),
(float *) ((char *) dst->data + i10*nb1 + i11*nb2 + i12*nb3), nc);
}
}
@ -11600,8 +11606,6 @@ static void ggml_compute_forward_get_rows_f16(
const struct ggml_tensor * src0 = dst->src[0];
const struct ggml_tensor * src1 = dst->src[1];
assert(params->ith == 0);
if (params->type == GGML_TASK_TYPE_INIT || params->type == GGML_TASK_TYPE_FINALIZE) {
return;
}
@ -11609,24 +11613,32 @@ static void ggml_compute_forward_get_rows_f16(
GGML_TENSOR_BINARY_OP_LOCALS
const int64_t nc = ne00;
const int64_t nr = ggml_nelements(src1); GGML_UNUSED(nr);
const int64_t nr = ggml_nelements(src1);
assert(ne0 == nc);
assert(ne02 == ne11);
assert(nb00 == sizeof(ggml_fp16_t));
assert(ggml_nrows(dst) == nr);
// TODO: multi-thread
for (int64_t i12 = 0; i12 < ne12; ++i12) {
for (int64_t i11 = 0; i11 < ne11; ++i11) {
for (int64_t i10 = 0; i10 < ne10; ++i10) {
const int64_t i01 = *(int32_t *) ((char *) src1->data + i10*nb10 + i11*nb11 + i12*nb12);
const int ith = params->ith;
const int nth = params->nth;
ggml_fp16_to_fp32_row(
(const void *) ((char *) src0->data + i01*nb01 + i11*nb02 + i12*nb03),
(float *) ((char *) dst->data + i10*nb1 + i11*nb2 + i12*nb3), nc);
}
}
// rows per thread
const int dr = (nr + nth - 1)/nth;
// row range for this thread
const int ir0 = dr*ith;
const int ir1 = MIN(ir0 + dr, nr);
for (int64_t i = ir0; i < ir1; ++i) {
const int64_t i12 = i/(ne11*ne10);
const int64_t i11 = (i - i12*ne11*ne10)/ne10;
const int64_t i10 = (i - i12*ne11*ne10 - i11*ne10);
const int64_t i01 = *(int32_t *) ((char *) src1->data + i10*nb10 + i11*nb11 + i12*nb12);
ggml_fp16_to_fp32_row(
(const void *) ((char *) src0->data + i01*nb01 + i11*nb02 + i12*nb03),
(float *) ((char *) dst->data + i10*nb1 + i11*nb2 + i12*nb3), nc);
}
}
@ -11637,8 +11649,6 @@ static void ggml_compute_forward_get_rows_f32(
const struct ggml_tensor * src0 = dst->src[0];
const struct ggml_tensor * src1 = dst->src[1];
assert(params->ith == 0);
if (params->type == GGML_TASK_TYPE_INIT || params->type == GGML_TASK_TYPE_FINALIZE) {
return;
}
@ -11646,24 +11656,32 @@ static void ggml_compute_forward_get_rows_f32(
GGML_TENSOR_BINARY_OP_LOCALS
const int64_t nc = ne00;
const int64_t nr = ggml_nelements(src1); GGML_UNUSED(nr);
const int64_t nr = ggml_nelements(src1);
assert(ne0 == nc);
assert(ne02 == ne11);
assert(nb00 == sizeof(float));
assert(ggml_nrows(dst) == nr);
// TODO: multi-thread
for (int64_t i12 = 0; i12 < ne12; ++i12) {
for (int64_t i11 = 0; i11 < ne11; ++i11) {
for (int64_t i10 = 0; i10 < ne10; ++i10) {
const int64_t i01 = *(int32_t *) ((char *) src1->data + i10*nb10 + i11*nb11 + i12*nb12);
const int ith = params->ith;
const int nth = params->nth;
ggml_vec_cpy_f32(nc,
(float *) ((char *) dst->data + i10*nb1 + i11*nb2 + i12*nb3),
(float *) ((char *) src0->data + i01*nb01 + i11*nb02 + i12*nb03));
}
}
// rows per thread
const int dr = (nr + nth - 1)/nth;
// row range for this thread
const int ir0 = dr*ith;
const int ir1 = MIN(ir0 + dr, nr);
for (int64_t i = ir0; i < ir1; ++i) {
const int64_t i12 = i/(ne11*ne10);
const int64_t i11 = (i - i12*ne11*ne10)/ne10;
const int64_t i10 = (i - i12*ne11*ne10 - i11*ne10);
const int64_t i01 = *(int32_t *) ((char *) src1->data + i10*nb10 + i11*nb11 + i12*nb12);
ggml_vec_cpy_f32(nc,
(float *) ((char *) dst->data + i10*nb1 + i11*nb2 + i12*nb3),
(float *) ((char *) src0->data + i01*nb01 + i11*nb02 + i12*nb03));
}
}
@ -17796,7 +17814,7 @@ static void ggml_graph_compute_perf_stats_node(struct ggml_tensor * node, const
node->perf_time_us += time_us_cur;
}
static int ggml_get_n_tasks(struct ggml_tensor * node, int n_threads) {
static int ggml_get_n_tasks(struct ggml_tensor * node, int n_threads, int n_cur_threads) {
int n_tasks = 0;
switch (node->op) {
@ -17877,6 +17895,12 @@ static int ggml_get_n_tasks(struct ggml_tensor * node, int n_threads) {
{
n_tasks = n_threads;
} break;
case GGML_OP_GET_ROWS:
{
// FIXME: the cost of launching additional threads decreases performance with GPU offloading
//n_tasks = MIN(n_threads, ggml_nelements(node->src[1]));
n_tasks = MIN(n_cur_threads, ggml_nelements(node->src[1]));
} break;
case GGML_OP_SCALE:
case GGML_OP_SET:
case GGML_OP_CONT:
@ -17884,7 +17908,6 @@ static int ggml_get_n_tasks(struct ggml_tensor * node, int n_threads) {
case GGML_OP_VIEW:
case GGML_OP_PERMUTE:
case GGML_OP_TRANSPOSE:
case GGML_OP_GET_ROWS:
case GGML_OP_GET_ROWS_BACK:
case GGML_OP_DIAG:
{
@ -18102,7 +18125,7 @@ static thread_ret_t ggml_graph_compute_thread(void * data) {
/* FINALIZE */
struct ggml_tensor * node = cgraph->nodes[node_n];
if (GGML_OP_HAS_FINALIZE[node->op]) {
params.nth = ggml_get_n_tasks(node, n_threads);
params.nth = ggml_get_n_tasks(node, n_threads, state->shared->n_threads);
ggml_compute_forward(&params, node);
}
ggml_graph_compute_perf_stats_node(node, state->shared);
@ -18112,7 +18135,7 @@ static thread_ret_t ggml_graph_compute_thread(void * data) {
while (++node_n < cgraph->n_nodes) {
GGML_PRINT_DEBUG_5("%s: %d/%d\n", __func__, node_n, cgraph->n_nodes);
struct ggml_tensor * node = cgraph->nodes[node_n];
const int n_tasks = ggml_get_n_tasks(node, n_threads);
const int n_tasks = ggml_get_n_tasks(node, n_threads, state->shared->n_threads);
state->shared->perf_node_start_cycles = ggml_perf_cycles();
state->shared->perf_node_start_time_us = ggml_perf_time_us();
@ -18160,7 +18183,7 @@ static thread_ret_t ggml_graph_compute_thread(void * data) {
/* INIT & COMPUTE */
struct ggml_tensor * node = cgraph->nodes[node_n];
const int n_tasks = ggml_get_n_tasks(node, n_threads);
const int n_tasks = ggml_get_n_tasks(node, n_threads, state->shared->n_threads);
struct ggml_compute_params params = {
/*.type =*/ GGML_TASK_TYPE_INIT,
@ -18225,7 +18248,7 @@ struct ggml_cplan ggml_graph_plan(const struct ggml_cgraph * cgraph, int n_threa
for (int i = 0; i < cgraph->n_nodes; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * node = cgraph->nodes[i];
const int n_tasks = ggml_get_n_tasks(node, n_threads);
const int n_tasks = ggml_get_n_tasks(node, n_threads, 1);
max_tasks = MAX(max_tasks, n_tasks);